ASTM D471-12

1.1 This test method covers the required procedures to evaluate the comparative ability of rubber and rubber-like compositions to withstand the effect of liquids. It is designed for testing: (1) specimens of vulcanized rubber cut from standard sheets (see Practice D3182), (2) specimens cut from fabric coated with vulcanized rubber (see Test Methods D751), or (3) finished articles of commerce (see Practice D3183). This test method is not applicable to the testing of cellular rubbers, porous compositions, and compressed sheet packing, except as described in 11.2.2. 1.2 ASTM Oils No. 2 and No. 3, formerly used in this test method as standard test liquids, are no longer commercially available and in 1993 were replaced with IRM 902 and IRM 903, respectively (see Appendix X1 for details). 1.3 ASTM No. 1 Oil, previously used in this test method as a standard test liquid, is no longer commercially available and in 2005 was replaced with IRM 901; refer to Table 1 and Appendix X3 for details. TABLE 1 Specifications and Typical Properties of IRM Reference Oils Property IRM 901A IRM 902 IRM 903 IRM 905 ASTM Method Specified Properties: Aniline Point, °C (°F)   124 ± 1 (255 ± 2)   93 ± 3 (199 ± 5)   70± 1 (158 ± 2)   115 ± 1 (239± 2)  D611 Kinematic Viscosity  (mm2/s [cSt])  38°C (100°F)   ...   31.9–34.1   ...  D445  99°C (210°F)   18.12–20.34   19.2–21.5   ...   10.8–11.9  D445 Gravity, API, 16°C (60°F)   28.8 ± 1   19.0–21.0   21.0–23.0   ...  D287 Viscosity-Gravity Constant   0.790–0.805   0.860–0.870   0.875–0.885   ...  D2140 Flash Point COC, °C (°F)   243(469) min   232 (450) min   163 (325) min   243 (469) min  D92 Naphthenics, CN (%)   27 (avg)   35 min   40 min   ...  D2140 Paraffinics, CP (%)   65 min   50 max   45 max   ...  D2140 Typical Properties: Pour Point, °C (°F)   −12 (10)   −12 (10)   −31 (−24)   −15 (5)  D97 ASTM Color   L 3.5   L 2.5   L 0.5   L 1.0  D1500 Refractive Index   1.4848   1.5105   1.5026   1.4808  D1747 UV Absorbance, 260 nm   0.8   4.0   2.2   ...  D2008 Aromatics, CA (%)   3   12   14   4  D2140 A Refer to Appendix X3. Table X3.1 reflects the differences in the properties between ASTM No. 1 Oil and IRM 901 for reference purposes.TABLE 2 IRM 901 – 2012 Batch Test Results Property Method 2005 Batch COA 2005 Batch Current 2012 Sample Data 2012 Batch Average Viscosity, cSt @99°C D445 19.58 19.5 18.8 18.7 18.8 18.7 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.7 Gravity, API @16°C D287 28.6 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.8 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 Flash Point COC, °C D92 287 313 306 289 292 288 296 299 303 294 294 Aniline Point, °C D611 123.8 124.7 124.8 124.8 124.7 124.3 124.5 124.8 124.8 124.9 124.6 Viscosity- Gravity Constant D2140 0.796 0.798 0.799 0.799 0.800 0.799 0.799 0.799 0.799 0.799 0.799 Naphthenics, Cn% D2140 - 24 26 26 27 28 27 26 26 27 29 Paraffinics, Cp% D2140 70 72 71 71 69 70 71 71 71 71 70 1.4 ASTM No. 5 Oil was accepted into Specification D5900 as an industry reference material in 2010 and designated as IRM 905. The composition, and properties of this immersion oil were not changed and the data in Table 1 remains current. Refer to Appendix X4 for other details. 1.5 The specifications and properties listed in Table 1 for IRM 901, IRM 902, IRM 903, and IRM 905 are also maintained in Specification D5900. 1.5.1 The subcommittee responsible for maintaining Test Method D471, presently D11.15, shall review the data in Specification D5900 to ensure that it is identical to that which appears in Test Method D471. This shall be accomplished at the time of the 5 year review or more frequently when necessary. 1.6 Historical, technical, and background information regarding the conversion from ASTM No. 1, ASTM No. 2, and ASTM No. 3 Oils to IRM 901, IRM 902, and IRM 903 immersion oils is maintained in Practice D5964. 1.6.1 The subcommittee responsible for maintaining Test Method D471, presently D11.15, shall review the data in Practice D5964 to ensure that it is identical to that which appears in Test Method D471. This shall be accomplished at the time of the 5 year review or more frequently when necessary. 1.7 This test method includes the following: Change in Mass (after immersion) Section 10 Change in Volume (after immersion) Section 11 Dimensional-Change Method for Water-Insoluble Liq-  uids and Mixed Liquids   Section 12 Change in Mass with Liquid on One Surface Only Section 13 Determining Mass of Soluble Matter Extracted by the   Liquid   Section 14 Change in Tensile Strength, Elongation and Hardness  (after immersion)   Section 15 Change in Breaking Resistance, Burst Strength, Tear   Strength and Adhesion for Coated Fabrics   Section 16 Calculation (of test results) Section 17 1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.