NF ISO 8178-10
Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Exhaust emission measurement - Part 10 : test cycles and test procedures for field measurement of exhaust gas smoke emissions from compression ignition engines operating under transient conditions
ISO 8178-10 specifies the measurement procedures and test cycles for the evaluation of smoke emissions from compression ignition engines under field conditions. It is intended for use primarily as a support for in-use smoke testing programmes on engines that have been "certified" or "type approved" in accordance with the provisions of ISO 8178-9.For transient smoke test cycles, smoke testing is conducted using smokemeters that operate on the light extinction principle. The purpose of this part of ISO 8178 is to define the smoke test cycles and the methods used to measure and analyse smoke. The test procedures and measurement techniques described in this part of ISO 8178 are applicable to reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines in general. However, an engine application can only be evaluated using this part of ISO 8178 once the appropriate test cycle has been developed.
ISO 8178-10 specifies the measurement procedures and test cycles for the evaluation of smoke emissions from compression ignition engines under field conditions. It is intended for use primarily as a support for in-use smoke testing programmes on engines that have been "certified" or "type approved" in accordance with the provisions of ISO 8178-9.
For transient smoke test cycles, smoke testing is conducted using smokemeters that operate on the light extinction principle. The purpose of this part of ISO 8178 is to define the smoke test cycles and the methods used to measure and analyse smoke. The test procedures and measurement techniques described in this part of ISO 8178 are applicable to reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines in general. However, an engine application can only be evaluated using this part of ISO 8178 once the appropriate test cycle has been developed.
This document specifies the measurement procedures and test cycles for the evaluation of smoke emissions from compression ignition engines using an opacimeter. The tests are carried out under steady-state and transient operation using tests cycles which are representative of a given application. The smoke testing is conducted using opacimeter-type smoke meters which operate on the light extinction principle. The purpose of this document is to define the smoke test cycles and the methods used to measure the opacity and for the determination of the light absorption coefficient. It allows the use of either full-flow or partial-flow opacimeters and corrects for differences in rise time between the two types of opacimeters. Specifications of the apparatus for the measurement of opacity can be found in ISO 11614. The test procedures and measurement techniques described in this document are applicable to reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines in general. Annex D, Annex E, Annex F and Annex G each contains a test cycle that is relevant only for those specific applications listed in the first subclause of that annex. Where possible, the smoke test cycle described in the annex utilizes the engine and machine categories developed in ISO 8178‑4. For certain categories of non-road engines "at site" rather than "test bed" smoke test procedures can prove to be necessary. For engines used in machinery covered by additional requirements (e.g. occupational health and safety regulations), additional test conditions and special evaluation methods can apply.
- Avant-proposiv
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1Domaine d'application 1
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2Références normatives 1
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3Définitions 2
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4Symboles et unités 5
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5Conditions d'essai 6
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5.1Conditions d'essai ambiantes 6
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5.2Puissance 6
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5.3Système d'admission d'air du moteur 7
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5.4Système d'échappement du moteur 7
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5.5Moteurs avec système de refroidissement de l'air d'admission 7
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6Carburants d'essai 7
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7Équipements de mesure et exactitude 8
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7.1Généralités 8
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7.2Conditions d'essai 8
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7.3Détermination des émissions de fumées 8
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7.4Exactitude 9
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8Étalonnage de l'opacimètre 10
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8.1Généralités 10
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8.2Mode opératoire d'étalonnage 10
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9Cycle d'essai 11
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9.1Installation de l'équipement de mesure 11
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9.2Détermination de la longueur effective du trajet optique (LA) 11
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9.3Vérification de l'opacimètre 18
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9.4Cycle d'essai 18
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10Évaluation des données et calcul 18
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10.1Évaluation des données 18
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10.2Algorithme de Bessel 20
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10.3Correction du milieu ambiant 22
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10.4Rapport d'essai 23
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11Détermination des fumées 23
- Annexe A (normative) Cycle d'essai pour les moteurs à vitesse variable pour applications non routières24
- Annexe B (normative) Cycle d'essai pour les moteurs marins de propulsion29
- Annexe C (normative) Cycle d'essai pour les moteurs à vitesse variable du groupe F (moteurs de traction ferroviaires)34
- Annexe D (informative) Remarques sur les cycles d'essai38
- Bibliographie40
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