NF EN ISO 17556
Plastics - Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastics materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved
ISO 17556:2012 specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil. If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material. This method applies to the following materials: natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these; plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants; water-soluble polymers. It does not necessarily apply to materials which, under the test conditions, inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method. If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.
ISO 17556:2012 specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil.
If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material.
This method applies to the following materials:
- natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these;
- plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants;
- water-soluble polymers.
It does not necessarily apply to materials which, under the test conditions, inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method. If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.
<p>ISO 17556:2003 specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil.</p> <p>If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural soil environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material.</p> <p>This method applies to the following materials:</p> <ol><li>Natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these.</li><li>Plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants.</li><li>Water-soluble polymers.</li><li>Materials which, under the test conditions, do not inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method (see e.g. ISO 8192). If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.</li></ol>
<p>This document specifies a method for determining the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved. The method is designed to yield an optimum degree of biodegradation by adjusting the humidity of the test soil.</p> <p>If a non-adapted soil is used as an inoculum, the test simulates the biodegradation processes which take place in a natural environment; if a pre-exposed soil is used, the method can be used to investigate the potential biodegradability of a test material.</p> <p>This method applies to the following materials:</p> <p>— natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these;</p> <p>— plastic materials which contain additives such as plasticizers or colorants;</p> <p>— water-soluble polymers.</p> <p>It does not necessarily apply to materials which, under the test conditions, inhibit the activity of the microorganisms present in the soil. Inhibitory effects can be measured using an inhibition control or by another suitable method. If the test material inhibits the microorganisms in the soil, a lower test material concentration, another type of soil or a pre-exposed soil can be used.</p>
- Avant-proposiv
- Introductionv
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1 Domaine d'application1
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2 Références normatives1
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3 Termes et définitions2
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4 Principe3
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5 Environnement d'essai4
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6 Matériaux4
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7 Appareillage4
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8 Mode opératoire4
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8.1 Préparation du matériau d'essai4
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8.2 Préparation de la substance de référence5
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8.3 Préparation du sol d'essai6
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8.4 Début et exécution de l'essai7
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9 Calcul et expression des résultats9
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9.1 Calcul9
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9.2 Expression et interprétation des résultats10
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10 Validité des résultats11
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11 Rapport d'essai11
- Annexe A (informative) Principe du respiromètre manométrique (exemple)13
- Annexe B (informative) Exemple d'un système d'essai pour mesurer la quantité de dioxyde de carbone libéré14
- Annexe C (informative) Exemples de méthodes de détermination de la quantité de dioxyde de carbone libéré15
- Annexe D (informative) Demande théorique en oxygène (DThO)17
- Annexe E (informative) Exemple d'une détermination de la quantité résiduelle et de la masse moléculaire de polymère insoluble dans l'eau à la fin d'un essai de biodégradation18
- Annexe F (informative) Exemples d'essais à long terme19
- Annexe G (informative) Essais interlaboratoires23
- Bibliographie27
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