NF ISO 14997
Optics and photonics - Test methods for surface imperfections of optical elements
ISO 14997:2017 specifies the physical principles and practical means for the implementation of methods for evaluating surface imperfections. For imperfections specified using the visibility method, two inspection methods are described. The first is visual evaluation of the surface without any comparison standard (IVV). The second is a visibility assessment of a surface imperfection when compared to an artefact of known brightness (ISV). For imperfections specified using the dimensional method, three methods are described. The first is visual evaluation of the surface without any comparison standard (IVD). The second is a dimensional assessment of a surface imperfection when compared to an artefact of known size (ISD). The third is the dimensional measurement of a surface imperfection using magnification and either a comparison artefact of known size or a reticle or ruler (IMD). Instruments exist that allow objective measurement of brightness (digital scatterometry) or size (digital microscopy). While these instruments can be used for evaluation of surface imperfections, they are beyond the scope of this document. ISO 14997:2017 applies to optical surfaces of components or assemblies such as doublets or triplets. ISO 14997:2017 can be applied to optical plastic components; however, attention is drawn to the fact that impact damage to plastic materials often looks very different from that on harder materials as it does not always result in the removal of material but instead can displace material, causing ripples in the surface. Consequently, visual comparisons of scratch and dig damage to plastic with those on glass or crystalline materials can give very different results.
ISO 14997:2017 specifies the physical principles and practical means for the implementation of methods for evaluating surface imperfections.
For imperfections specified using the visibility method, two inspection methods are described. The first is visual evaluation of the surface without any comparison standard (IVV). The second is a visibility assessment of a surface imperfection when compared to an artefact of known brightness (ISV).
For imperfections specified using the dimensional method, three methods are described. The first is visual evaluation of the surface without any comparison standard (IVD). The second is a dimensional assessment of a surface imperfection when compared to an artefact of known size (ISD). The third is the dimensional measurement of a surface imperfection using magnification and either a comparison artefact of known size or a reticle or ruler (IMD).
Instruments exist that allow objective measurement of brightness (digital scatterometry) or size (digital microscopy). While these instruments can be used for evaluation of surface imperfections, they are beyond the scope of this document.
ISO 14997:2017 applies to optical surfaces of components or assemblies such as doublets or triplets.
ISO 14997:2017 can be applied to optical plastic components; however, attention is drawn to the fact that impact damage to plastic materials often looks very different from that on harder materials as it does not always result in the removal of material but instead can displace material, causing ripples in the surface. Consequently, visual comparisons of scratch and dig damage to plastic with those on glass or crystalline materials can give very different results.
Le présent document spécifie une méthode d'essai applicable aux imperfections de surface telles que les creux ou les rayures. Cette méthode évalue le mesurage de la zone obscurcie ou affectée par les imperfections. Elle convient à la production d'une grande variété d'éléments optiques, que ce soit au niveau des prototypes, des petites ou grandes séries.
- Avant-propos
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1
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2 Références normatives
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3 Termes et définitions
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4 Symboles
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5 Méthodes et niveaux de contrôle
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6 Informations générales concernant le contrôle visuel
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7 Méthodes d'évaluation des imperfections de surface selon la spécification basée sur la visibilité
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8 Méthodes d'évaluation des imperfections de surface selon la spécification basée sur les dimensions
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9 Rapport d'essai
- Annexe A (normative) Équipement de contrôle visuel
- Annexe B (informative) Dimensions recommandées des défauts sur un étalon de comparaison dimensionnelle gradué
- Annexe C (informative) Nombre de minuscules imperfections admises avec la superficie équivalente pour la classe spécifiée
- Bibliographie
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