NF ISO 20816-2
Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration - Part 2 : Land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators in excess of 40 MW, with fluid-film bearings and rated speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min and 3 600 r/min
ISO 20816-2:2017 is applicable to land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators (whether coupled with gas and/or steam turbines) with power outputs greater than 40 MW, fluid-film bearings and rated speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min. The criteria provided in ISO 20816-2:2017 can be applied to the vibration of the gas turbine, steam turbine and generator (including synchronizing clutches). ISO 20816-2:2017 establishes provisions for evaluating the severity of the following in-situ, broad-band vibration: a) structural vibration at all main bearing housings or pedestals measured radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis; b) structural vibration at thrust bearing housings measured in the axial direction; c) vibration of rotating shafts radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis at, or close to, the main bearings. These are in terms of the following: - vibration under normal steady-state operating conditions; - vibration during other (non-steady-state) conditions when transient changes are taking place, including run up or run down, initial loading and load changes; - changes in vibration which can occur during normal steady-state operation. ISO 20816-2:2017 is not applicable to the following: i) electromagnetic excited vibration with twice line frequency at the generator stator windings, core and housing; ii) aero-derivative gas turbines (including gas turbines with dynamic properties similar to those of aero-derivatives); NOTE ISO 3977‑3 defines aero-derivatives as aircraft propulsion gas generators adapted to drive mechanical, electrical or marine propulsion equipment. Large differences exist between heavy-duty and aero-derivative gas turbines, for example, in casing flexibility, bearing design, rotor-to-stator mass ratio and mounting structure. Different criteria, therefore, apply for these two turbine types. iii) steam turbines and/or generators with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW or with rated speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (although generators seldom fall into this latter category) (see ISO 7919‑3 and ISO 10816‑3); iv) gas turbines with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW or with rated speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (see ISO 7919‑3 or ISO 7919‑4 and ISO 10816‑3 or ISO 10816‑4); v) the evaluation of combustion vibration but does not preclude monitoring of combustion vibration.
ISO 20816-2:2017 is applicable to land-based gas turbines, steam turbines and generators (whether coupled with gas and/or steam turbines) with power outputs greater than 40 MW, fluid-film bearings and rated speeds of 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min. The criteria provided in ISO 20816-2:2017 can be applied to the vibration of the gas turbine, steam turbine and generator (including synchronizing clutches). ISO 20816-2:2017 establishes provisions for evaluating the severity of the following in-situ, broad-band vibration:
a) structural vibration at all main bearing housings or pedestals measured radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis;
b) structural vibration at thrust bearing housings measured in the axial direction;
c) vibration of rotating shafts radial (i.e. transverse) to the shaft axis at, or close to, the main bearings.
These are in terms of the following:
- vibration under normal steady-state operating conditions;
- vibration during other (non-steady-state) conditions when transient changes are taking place, including run up or run down, initial loading and load changes;
- changes in vibration which can occur during normal steady-state operation.
ISO 20816-2:2017 is not applicable to the following:
i) electromagnetic excited vibration with twice line frequency at the generator stator windings, core and housing;
ii) aero-derivative gas turbines (including gas turbines with dynamic properties similar to those of aero-derivatives);
NOTE ISO 3977‑3 defines aero-derivatives as aircraft propulsion gas generators adapted to drive mechanical, electrical or marine propulsion equipment. Large differences exist between heavy-duty and aero-derivative gas turbines, for example, in casing flexibility, bearing design, rotor-to-stator mass ratio and mounting structure. Different criteria, therefore, apply for these two turbine types.
iii) steam turbines and/or generators with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW or with rated speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (although generators seldom fall into this latter category) (see ISO 7919‑3 and ISO 10816‑3);
iv) gas turbines with outputs less than or equal to 40 MW or with rated speeds other than 1 500 r/min, 1 800 r/min, 3 000 r/min or 3 600 r/min (see ISO 7919‑3 or ISO 7919‑4 and ISO 10816‑3 or ISO 10816‑4);
v) the evaluation of combustion vibration but does not preclude monitoring of combustion vibration.
Le présent document établit des dispositions pour évaluer la sévérité in situ des vibrations en bande large des arbres, mesurées radialement (c'est-à-dire transversalement) par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre au droit ou à proximité des paliers principaux. Il s'agit : des vibrations dans des conditions normales de fonctionnement en régime permanent ; des vibrations dans d'autres conditions (en régime non permanent), lorsque des fluctuations transitoires interviennent, notamment pendant la montée en vitesse ou le ralentissement, le chargement initial et les variations de charge ; des changements de vibrations susceptibles de se produire durant un fonctionnement normal en régime permanent. Pour les turbines à vapeur et les alternateurs de grande taille, il est également courant d'évaluer les vibrations en fonction des mesurages effectués sur les parties non tournantes. Pour des exigences sur ces mesurages des vibrations, voir les normes ISO 10816-1 et NF ISO 10816-2.
Le présent document établit des dispositions pour évaluer la sévérité in situ des vibrations en bande large mesurées radialement (c'est-à-dire transversalement) par rapport à l'axe de l'arbre sur tous les corps ou supports de paliers principaux et dans la direction axiale sur les paliers de butée. Il s'agit : des vibrations dans des conditions normales de fonctionnement en régime permanent ; des vibrations dans d'autres conditions (en régime non permanent), lorsque des fluctuations transitoires interviennent, notamment pendant la montée en vitesse ou le ralentissement, le chargement initial et les variations de charge ; des changements de vibrations susceptibles de se produire durant un fonctionnement normal en régime permanent. Les critères d'évaluation dans le présent document ne s'appliquent pas aux vibrations par excitation électromagnétique avec une fréquence de ligne double au droit du moyeu et du carter du stator de l'alternateur.
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1 Domaine d'application
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2 Références normatives
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3 Termes et définitions
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4 Modes opératoires de mesurage
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5 Critères d'évaluation
- Annexe A Limites des zones d'évaluation des vibrations des parties non tournantes
- Annexe B Limites des zones d'évaluation des vibrations des arbres tournants
- Annexe C Exemple de positionnement des valeurs d'ALARME et de DÉCLENCHEMENT
- Annexe D Notes de mise en garde relatives à l'utilisation des critères de vitesse de vibrations à des vitesses de rotation faibles
- Annexe E Limites des zones d'évaluation et jeu des paliers
- Bibliographie
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